"thombe" meaning in Middle English

See thombe in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Noun

IPA: /ˈθumb(ə)/, /ˈθuːmb(ə)/, /ˈθum(ə)/, /ˈθuːm(ə)/
Etymology: Inherited from Old English þūma, from Proto-West Germanic *þūmō, from Proto-Germanic *þūmô. As shown by their early attestation, spellings with final -b- are not mere hypercorrect forms, but rather represent pronunciations with /b/; such pronunciations presumably originated in a plural *thomben or genitive plural *thombene (from Old English þūman, þūmena). Such forms are also presumably the origin of variants with a short vowel. Etymology templates: {{yesno||i|I}} I, {{glossary|Inherited}} Inherited, {{inh|enm|ang|þūma|||g=|g2=|g3=|id=|lit=|nocat=|pos=|sc=|sort=|tr=|ts=}} Old English þūma, {{inh+|enm|ang|þūma}} Inherited from Old English þūma, {{inh|enm|gmw-pro|*þūmō}} Proto-West Germanic *þūmō, {{inh|enm|gem-pro|*þūmô}} Proto-Germanic *þūmô, {{m+|ang|þūman}} Old English þūman Head templates: {{head|enm|noun|g=|g2=|g3=|head=|sort=}} thombe, {{enm-noun}} thombe (plural thombes) Forms: thombes [plural], tombe [alternative], thom [alternative], thome [alternative], thoombe [alternative], thoumb [alternative], thoumbe [alternative], thoume [alternative], thowmbe [alternative], thumbe [alternative], thume [alternative], þom [alternative], þomb [alternative], þombe [alternative], þome [alternative], þoombe [alternative], þoumb [alternative], þoumbe [alternative], þoume [alternative], þowmbe [alternative], þumb [alternative], þumbe [alternative], þume [alternative], tumb [alternative, Northern], þhomme [alternative]
  1. thumb (opposable digit)
    Sense id: en-thombe-enm-noun-enm:thumb Categories (other): Middle English entries with incorrect language header, Pages with 1 entry, Pages with entries, Fingers, Hand, Units of measure Disambiguation of Middle English entries with incorrect language header: 29 8 34 29 Disambiguation of Pages with 1 entry: 29 12 34 26 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 26 21 32 21 Disambiguation of Fingers: 55 8 22 15 Disambiguation of Hand: 26 25 29 20 Disambiguation of Units of measure: 26 29 28 17
  2. thumb-length (unit of length)
    Sense id: en-thombe-enm-noun-UXRnD7LX Categories (other): Pages with 1 entry, Pages with entries, Hand, Units of measure Disambiguation of Pages with 1 entry: 29 12 34 26 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 26 21 32 21 Disambiguation of Hand: 26 25 29 20 Disambiguation of Units of measure: 26 29 28 17
  3. (rare) big toe Tags: rare
    Sense id: en-thombe-enm-noun-1JjkvsFl Categories (other): Middle English entries with incorrect language header, Pages with 1 entry, Pages with entries, Hand, Units of measure Disambiguation of Middle English entries with incorrect language header: 29 8 34 29 Disambiguation of Pages with 1 entry: 29 12 34 26 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 26 21 32 21 Disambiguation of Hand: 26 25 29 20 Disambiguation of Units of measure: 26 29 28 17
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 1

Noun

Forms: thombes [plural]
Head templates: {{head|enm|noun|g=|g2=|g3=|head=|sort=}} thombe, {{enm-noun}} thombe (plural thombes)
  1. alternative form of tombe (“tomb”) Tags: alt-of, alternative Alternative form of: tombe (extra: tomb)
    Sense id: en-thombe-enm-noun--hCNRB24 Categories (other): Middle English entries with incorrect language header, Pages with 1 entry, Pages with entries, Hand, Units of measure Disambiguation of Middle English entries with incorrect language header: 29 8 34 29 Disambiguation of Pages with 1 entry: 29 12 34 26 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 26 21 32 21 Disambiguation of Hand: 26 25 29 20 Disambiguation of Units of measure: 26 29 28 17
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 2

Inflected forms

Alternative forms

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "lang": "English",
      "lang_code": "en",
      "word": "thumb"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Scots",
      "lang_code": "sco",
      "word": "thoum"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Yola",
      "lang_code": "yol",
      "word": "thoome"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Yola",
      "lang_code": "yol",
      "word": "thoume"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "",
        "2": "i",
        "3": "I"
      },
      "expansion": "I",
      "name": "yesno"
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    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Inherited"
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      "expansion": "Inherited",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "ang",
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        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "id": "",
        "lit": "",
        "nocat": "",
        "pos": "",
        "sc": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr": "",
        "ts": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Old English þūma",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "þūma"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited from Old English þūma",
      "name": "inh+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "*þūmō"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *þūmō",
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    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*þūmô"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *þūmô",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "þūman"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English þūman",
      "name": "m+"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Inherited from Old English þūma, from Proto-West Germanic *þūmō, from Proto-Germanic *þūmô.\nAs shown by their early attestation, spellings with final -b- are not mere hypercorrect forms, but rather represent pronunciations with /b/; such pronunciations presumably originated in a plural *thomben or genitive plural *thombene (from Old English þūman, þūmena). Such forms are also presumably the origin of variants with a short vowel.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "thombes",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tombe",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "thom",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "thome",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "thoombe",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "thoumb",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "thoumbe",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "thoume",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "thowmbe",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "thumbe",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "thume",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þom",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þomb",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þombe",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þome",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þoombe",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þoumb",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þoumbe",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þoume",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þowmbe",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þumb",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þumbe",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þume",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tumb",
      "tags": [
        "alternative",
        "Northern"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þhomme",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "noun",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "head": "",
        "sort": ""
      },
      "expansion": "thombe",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "thombe (plural thombes)",
      "name": "enm-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "29 8 34 29",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "29 12 34 26",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "26 21 32 21",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "55 8 22 15",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "enm",
          "name": "Fingers",
          "orig": "enm:Fingers",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "26 25 29 20",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "enm",
          "name": "Hand",
          "orig": "enm:Hand",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "26 29 28 17",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "enm",
          "name": "Units of measure",
          "orig": "enm:Units of measure",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "thumb (opposable digit)"
      ],
      "id": "en-thombe-enm-noun-enm:thumb",
      "links": [
        [
          "thumb",
          "thumb"
        ]
      ],
      "senseid": [
        "enm:thumb"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "29 12 34 26",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "26 21 32 21",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "26 25 29 20",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "enm",
          "name": "Hand",
          "orig": "enm:Hand",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "26 29 28 17",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "enm",
          "name": "Units of measure",
          "orig": "enm:Units of measure",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "thumb-length (unit of length)"
      ],
      "id": "en-thombe-enm-noun-UXRnD7LX",
      "links": [
        [
          "length",
          "length"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "29 8 34 29",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "29 12 34 26",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "26 21 32 21",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "26 25 29 20",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "enm",
          "name": "Hand",
          "orig": "enm:Hand",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "26 29 28 17",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "enm",
          "name": "Units of measure",
          "orig": "enm:Units of measure",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "big toe"
      ],
      "id": "en-thombe-enm-noun-1JjkvsFl",
      "links": [
        [
          "big toe",
          "big toe"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(rare) big toe"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "rare"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈθumb(ə)/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈθuːmb(ə)/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈθum(ə)/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈθuːm(ə)/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "thombe"
}

{
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "thombes",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "noun",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "head": "",
        "sort": ""
      },
      "expansion": "thombe",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "thombe (plural thombes)",
      "name": "enm-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "alt_of": [
        {
          "extra": "tomb",
          "word": "tombe"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "29 8 34 29",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "29 12 34 26",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "26 21 32 21",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "26 25 29 20",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "enm",
          "name": "Hand",
          "orig": "enm:Hand",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "26 29 28 17",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "enm",
          "name": "Units of measure",
          "orig": "enm:Units of measure",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "alternative form of tombe (“tomb”)"
      ],
      "id": "en-thombe-enm-noun--hCNRB24",
      "links": [
        [
          "tombe",
          "tombe#Middle_English"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "alt-of",
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "thombe"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
    "Middle English lemmas",
    "Middle English nouns",
    "Middle English terms derived from Old English",
    "Middle English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
    "Middle English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
    "Middle English terms inherited from Old English",
    "Middle English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
    "Middle English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
    "Pages with 1 entry",
    "Pages with entries",
    "enm:Fingers",
    "enm:Hand",
    "enm:Units of measure"
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "lang": "English",
      "lang_code": "en",
      "word": "thumb"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Scots",
      "lang_code": "sco",
      "word": "thoum"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Yola",
      "lang_code": "yol",
      "word": "thoome"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Yola",
      "lang_code": "yol",
      "word": "thoume"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "",
        "2": "i",
        "3": "I"
      },
      "expansion": "I",
      "name": "yesno"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Inherited"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "þūma",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "id": "",
        "lit": "",
        "nocat": "",
        "pos": "",
        "sc": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr": "",
        "ts": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Old English þūma",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "þūma"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited from Old English þūma",
      "name": "inh+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "*þūmō"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *þūmō",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*þūmô"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *þūmô",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "þūman"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English þūman",
      "name": "m+"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Inherited from Old English þūma, from Proto-West Germanic *þūmō, from Proto-Germanic *þūmô.\nAs shown by their early attestation, spellings with final -b- are not mere hypercorrect forms, but rather represent pronunciations with /b/; such pronunciations presumably originated in a plural *thomben or genitive plural *thombene (from Old English þūman, þūmena). Such forms are also presumably the origin of variants with a short vowel.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "thombes",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tombe",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "thom",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "thome",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "thoombe",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "thoumb",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "thoumbe",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "thoume",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "thowmbe",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "thumbe",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "thume",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þom",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þomb",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þombe",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þome",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þoombe",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þoumb",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þoumbe",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þoume",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þowmbe",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þumb",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þumbe",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þume",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tumb",
      "tags": [
        "alternative",
        "Northern"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þhomme",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "noun",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "head": "",
        "sort": ""
      },
      "expansion": "thombe",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "thombe (plural thombes)",
      "name": "enm-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "thumb (opposable digit)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "thumb",
          "thumb"
        ]
      ],
      "senseid": [
        "enm:thumb"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "thumb-length (unit of length)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "length",
          "length"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Middle English terms with rare senses"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "big toe"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "big toe",
          "big toe"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(rare) big toe"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "rare"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈθumb(ə)/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈθuːmb(ə)/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈθum(ə)/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈθuːm(ə)/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "thombe"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
    "Middle English lemmas",
    "Middle English nouns",
    "Pages with 1 entry",
    "Pages with entries",
    "enm:Fingers",
    "enm:Hand",
    "enm:Units of measure"
  ],
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "thombes",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "noun",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "head": "",
        "sort": ""
      },
      "expansion": "thombe",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "thombe (plural thombes)",
      "name": "enm-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "alt_of": [
        {
          "extra": "tomb",
          "word": "tombe"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "alternative form of tombe (“tomb”)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "tombe",
          "tombe#Middle_English"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "alt-of",
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "thombe"
}

Download raw JSONL data for thombe meaning in Middle English (4.7kB)

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Middle English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-12-31 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-12-20 using wiktextract (e97c820 and 9905b1f). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.